Savants are people who despite serious mental or physical disability have quite remarkable, and sometimes spectacular, talents. This is an exceedingly rare phenomena, although there are several well documented cases (see Sacks, 1986; 1995; Treffert, 1989), and recently the Academy Award winning movie Rain Man has led to the term savant being much more widely known. Savant syndrome is perhaps one of the most fascinating phenomena in the study of human differences and cognitive psychology. It is often claimed that, because of the extraordinary abilities involved, we will never truly understand human memory and cognition until we understand the savant.
Savant syndrome was first properly recognised by Dr. J. Langdon Down, (n.b. he also originated the term Down’s syndrome). In 1887, he coined the term "idiot savant" - meaning low intelligence, and from the French, savoir, knowing or wise, to describe someone who had "extraordinary memory but with a great defect in reasoning power." This term is now little used because of its inappropriate connotations, and the term savant syndrome has now been more or less adopted. Another term, autistic savant, is also widely used, but this can be somewhat misleading. Although there is a strong association with autism, it is certainly not the case that all savants are autistic. It is estimated that about 50% of the cases of savant syndrome are from the autistic population, and the other 50% from the population of developmental disabilities and CNS injuries. The estimated incidence of savant abilities in the autistic population is about 10%, whereas the incidence in the learning disability population (which is very much larger) is probably less than 1%. Nevertheless, in order to understand savant syndrome, it is helpful to know something about autism, also it is important to realize that there is some confusion over these estimates of the incidence of the syndrome which stems from the different ways in which it is defined and described.
Tuesday, October 12, 2010
S@vaNt
Kim Peek - Savant
The Original Rain Man
Kim Peek
Kim Peek
Preceding the savant Daniel Tammet by several years, Kim Peek is the real life Rain Man whom the Dustin Hoffman character was based in the movie. Described as a confounding mixture of disability and brilliance, Kim is in love with knowledge. Kim Peek is probably the world's most famous savant. Kim was diagnosed as being mentally retarded at birth, but with father Fran's unflagging support he has developed a memory that is without equal.
Born and raised in Salt Lake City, Utah. Kim has lived here all of his life. The local library is Kim's favourite place in the world. Kim devours books on anything and everything, as many as eight in a day. He reads at a phenomenal rate, a page that may take you or I three minutes will take Kim about 10 seconds. He reads the left page with his left eye and the right page with his right eye and will retain about 98% of it. He has 15 subject areas but about the only thing he can't do is, he can't reason out mathematical problems.
In 1951, doctors wanted to place Kim in a mental hospital named American Fork. Fran was determined that Kim would not go to an institution, he would be raised at home as a normal child.
Fran and Kim's mother parted in 1975, leaving Fran as Kim's sole carer. Fran is now almost 80 years old. Kim says "I wasn't supposed to make it past about 14, and yet here I am at 54, a celebrity!".
As a child, Kim was very introverted. It wasn't until he was 37 when he met Dustin Hoffman, that he could look into someone's face. Fran relates that "Dustin Hoffman said to me, you have to promise me one thing about this guy, share him with the world. And pretty soon it got so that nobody was a stranger to him, they were people, and so was he". Barry Morrow, the Rain Man screenwriter says of Kim: "I love the way he's flowered, it belies the myth that people don't change, especially people with developmental disabilities".
Kim in Profile
Fran took Dustin Hoffman's advice to share Kim with the world. The once introverted Kim has now appeared in front of more than 2 million people, all eager to test his genius with obscure questions.
Kim's gifts come at a price. Like all savants, Kim is an acutely different man, sometimes understanding Kim can be a challenge. Kim can become very agitated when trying to understand a new concept, but Fran has phenomenal patience and will calm Kim by gently changing the subject to something Kim is happier with.
Looking after Kim is more than a full-time job, Fran jokes that he needs 30 hours a day and 10 days a week. Kim knows how essential his dad is to him: "My dad and I share the same shadow!"
This year is a landmark year for Fran and Kim, a fact that Kim is unusually aware of. He says "Things will really heat up this winter, with my dad approaching 80. Only one other member of my dad's immediate family has ever reached that mark, it's my Grandma, which makes this year so important to us". So this year the Peek's have set themselves a mission to find out everything they can about Kim's brain. They are going to California to meet some of world's foremost neuro-scientists to find some answers while they're still together.
Most savants have only one dominating interest, Kim seems to soak up everything. His interests range from boxing, to politics, to the British Monarchy.
Dr. Darold Treffert is an authority on Savant Syndrome and consulted on the Rain Man movie. "About once a century comes along a truly stellar savant, an already rare condition, and Kim is in that category" explains Dr. Treffert. "Kim's memory is not only deep, it is also very wide which is very unique among savants" he continues.
Neurologist Dr. Elliott Sherr
Neurologist Dr. Elliott Sherr
What is it that makes Kim's brain work in such an extraordinary way, and do hi
s disabilities, in some way, enhance his memory? In California, Kim has been invited to take part in a study at the University of California.Neurologist Dr. Elliott Sherr begins by going over Kim's background. This is something of a sore point as the first neurologist Kim saw, when he was only a baby, took 5 minutes to dismiss him as a hopeless case who should institutionalised. Dr. Sherr was to discover that Kim had learned to read by the age of two. While this was not a formal neuropsychological assessment, it was plain that Kim had difficulty following directions.
Psychologist Dr. Rita Jeremy
Psychologist Dr. Rit
a Jeremy gives him a standardised intelligence test to see where he stands in relation to the norm. She discovers that Kim has trouble with tasks that require new thinking and for which he can't call upon facts from his memory. His results are wildly erratic but Dr. Jeremy is philosophical and decides that a standardised test cannot apply as Kim is most definitely not standard.The following day, Neuroradiologist Dr. Pratik Mukherjee will use Diffusion Tensor Imaging, a ground-breaking way of mapping how the brain functions, to look inside Kim's head. This reveals that the two halves of his brain are not joined in the normal manner, a condition known as agenesis of the Corpus Callosum.
Neuroradiologost Dr. Pratik Mukherjee
Dr. Pratik Mukherjee
The fibres that should have made this connection are travelling in different, peculiar directions. Has the way Kim's brain rewired itself to compensate for the missing Corpus Callosum account for his incredible memory?
Next, Professor V.S. Ramachandran wants to test a long-standing theory that savants are not capable of conceptual thinking. Professor Ramachandran and his students run a number of word association tests which appear to prove that Kim simply accepts words at face value without processing them in any way. He takes metaphors literally. All of which seems to back up the theory.
Kim Peek may be the greatest savant we have ever known, he is certainly the best known and more than entitled to be referred to as a mega-savant.
He can recall thousands of zip codes, phone codes, dates and countless facts and figures. He has a truly awesome memory. Is he autistic? Probably, but like Daniel Tammett, not in the conventional sense. He was originally diagnosed with autism but this was later changed.
Saturday, August 14, 2010
WELCOME RAMADHAN
Wow im so excited that the ramadhan has come......I hope that it's not to late to say "SELAMAT MENYAMBUT BULAN RAMADHAN" TO ALL MY FELLOW FRIENDS
Monday, August 2, 2010
'PROGRAM ANAK ANGKAT DAN MOTIVASI PELAJAR UPSR'
Last week,88 students from SMKASR were adopted and motivational for UPSR student.That program was held at Kg.Kuak Luar,Pengkalan Hulu.The program started on the Friday,30 July 2010 until Sunday 1 August 2010.We went there by bus.We also rented bus for us went there.On the way to Pengkalan Hulu,we had been given a reminder about our rule.
Actually,the objective of this program was to close the relationship between student from SMKASR and the villagers.On the Friday,we had been given a warm welcome ceremony.Then,we had been separated into every family.That night, they do the ice-breaking.
The next day,all the student had their breakfast at their house and then they went to SKKL to do some exercise with the UPSR students.After that,group 'A'continue their program.They do the motivation for UPSR student.On that time,group 'B' went hall and do 'gotong-royong memasak'.They also visited 'Sekolah Pondok'and gave them some charity.On that night,we had ceramah 'Israk Mikraj' at the hall from Ust.Dr.Fahmi B Abdul Khair.
On the last day,after breakfast at house,all the student went to hall for a gotong-royong.After that,they had been given afew time to get a memoir scene with their family.The program had been ended with full of symbolize.The family mascot the student to the bus.Althought it was a short time there,they still take a good care for us.
Lastly,we went to SMKASR by bus.All the student were enjoyed the program.They hope they will went there for another time.They also hope that they will continue the sweet relationship for ever.
Sunday, August 1, 2010
HOW 2 Cre@tE A RePoRt
Style
To be completely successful, a report which makes recommendations must ensure that the persons for whom the report is intended:
•Read it without unnecessary delay.
•Understand everything in it without undue effort.
•Accept the facts, findings, conclusions and recommendations.
•Decide to take the action recommended.
Achieving this demands more of you than merely presenting relevant facts accurately. It also demands that you communicate in a way that is both acceptable and intelligible to the readers.
Selectivity
Careful choice of words can enable you to convey many subtleties of meaning.
Accuracy
Check that everything you write is factually accurate. The facts should be capable of being verified. Moreover, arguments should be soundly based and your reasoning should be logical. You should not write anything that will misinform, mislead or unfairly persuade your readers. If you do, you will be doing a disservice not only to yourself but also to your department and organisation. Accurate information is essential for effective communication and decision making.
Objectivity
A report should not be an essay reflecting personal emotions and opinions. You must look at all sides of a problem with an open mind before stating your conclusions.
Making it clear that you have an open mind when writing your report will, in most cases, make your conclusions and recommendations more acceptable to your readers. The emphasis, therefore, should be on the factual material presented and the conclusions drawn, rather than on any personal beliefs, biases or prejudices.
Conciseness
Veni, Vidi, Vici (I came, I saw, I conquered). That is how Julius Caesar reported his visit to our shores. While none of your reports will be as short as this, you should aim to keep them concise. In doing this, do not mistake brevity for conciseness. A report may be brief because it omits important information. A concise report, on the other hand, is short but still contains all the essential details.
To ensure you do not include material which can safely be left out, you should not ask: 'Can this information be included?' Rather, you should ask: 'Is it necessary for this information to be included?'
Clarity and Consistency
The best way to achieve clarity in your writing is to allow some time to elapse between the first draft and its revision. Try to leave it over the weekend, or at least overnight. If you are really under pressure and this is simply not possible, at least leave it over a lunch or coffee break. It is essential to have a period of time, no matter how short, when you can think of other things. In this way, when you come back to the report, you can look at it with a degree of objectivity.
Simplicity
Usually, if your writing is selective, accurate, objective, concise, clear and consistent, it will also be as simple as it can be. You should guard against over-simplifying, for example to the point of missing out information which the reader needs to fully understand what you are trying to say. You should again keep your readers firmly in mind and keep asking yourself whether or not they will be able to follow the logic of your presentation.
Avoid Pointless Words
Some words and phrases - like basically, actually, undoubtedly, each and every one and during the course of our investigation - keep cropping up in reports. Yet they add nothing to the message and often can be removed without changing the meaning or the tone. Try leaving them out of your writing. You will find your sentences survive, succeed and may even flourish without them.
To be completely successful, a report which makes recommendations must ensure that the persons for whom the report is intended:
•Read it without unnecessary delay.
•Understand everything in it without undue effort.
•Accept the facts, findings, conclusions and recommendations.
•Decide to take the action recommended.
Achieving this demands more of you than merely presenting relevant facts accurately. It also demands that you communicate in a way that is both acceptable and intelligible to the readers.
Selectivity
Careful choice of words can enable you to convey many subtleties of meaning.
Accuracy
Check that everything you write is factually accurate. The facts should be capable of being verified. Moreover, arguments should be soundly based and your reasoning should be logical. You should not write anything that will misinform, mislead or unfairly persuade your readers. If you do, you will be doing a disservice not only to yourself but also to your department and organisation. Accurate information is essential for effective communication and decision making.
Objectivity
A report should not be an essay reflecting personal emotions and opinions. You must look at all sides of a problem with an open mind before stating your conclusions.
Making it clear that you have an open mind when writing your report will, in most cases, make your conclusions and recommendations more acceptable to your readers. The emphasis, therefore, should be on the factual material presented and the conclusions drawn, rather than on any personal beliefs, biases or prejudices.
Conciseness
Veni, Vidi, Vici (I came, I saw, I conquered). That is how Julius Caesar reported his visit to our shores. While none of your reports will be as short as this, you should aim to keep them concise. In doing this, do not mistake brevity for conciseness. A report may be brief because it omits important information. A concise report, on the other hand, is short but still contains all the essential details.
To ensure you do not include material which can safely be left out, you should not ask: 'Can this information be included?' Rather, you should ask: 'Is it necessary for this information to be included?'
Clarity and Consistency
The best way to achieve clarity in your writing is to allow some time to elapse between the first draft and its revision. Try to leave it over the weekend, or at least overnight. If you are really under pressure and this is simply not possible, at least leave it over a lunch or coffee break. It is essential to have a period of time, no matter how short, when you can think of other things. In this way, when you come back to the report, you can look at it with a degree of objectivity.
Simplicity
Usually, if your writing is selective, accurate, objective, concise, clear and consistent, it will also be as simple as it can be. You should guard against over-simplifying, for example to the point of missing out information which the reader needs to fully understand what you are trying to say. You should again keep your readers firmly in mind and keep asking yourself whether or not they will be able to follow the logic of your presentation.
Avoid Pointless Words
Some words and phrases - like basically, actually, undoubtedly, each and every one and during the course of our investigation - keep cropping up in reports. Yet they add nothing to the message and often can be removed without changing the meaning or the tone. Try leaving them out of your writing. You will find your sentences survive, succeed and may even flourish without them.
OLA.......
I'm back.....last week had gave me such a memorable experiance for me.We went to Pengkalan Hulu for program "ANAK ANGKAT".Huuu,huuuuu,i really misss them.I hope they will miss me to:)
Sunday, July 25, 2010
HOORAY!!!
I feel free after the topical,but i still worried about my result.Bla,bla,bla.Whatever,i just want to say that i will go out of this school.Bye,bye school.
Thursday, May 6, 2010
coklat 5
An Appetite for Chocolate
Why do we crave chocolate? There are times when nothing else tastes as good as chocolate. There are times when you want nothing else. Nothing else will do. There's even a name for someone who craves chocolate: a chocoholic. It's almost an uncontrollable urge.
Some scientists wondered why the average person in the U.S. eats 11 pounds of chocolate each year. They decided to analyze the contents of chocolate to find out how those compounds might affect our brains, and thus our moods. Just as caffeine seems to perk people up, chocolate seems to make us feel happy.
Chocolate contains approximately 380 known chemicals, so it's no wonder it's difficult to figure out why chocolate is such a favorite treat. And who's to say that it's only one or two things in chocolate that cause us to feel happy? Many of the chemicals in chocolate are found in other foods, yet we don't buy heart-shaped bananas to show that special someone that we care for them. It may be a unique chemical combination that gives chocolate its edge over vanilla, berry, and caramel. Although chocolate has been said to improve mood, it contains saturated fat and sugar, too, so don't overindulge - it's not the healthiest food. And keep chocolate away from Spot! A two-ounce piece of chocolate can be fatal to a dog because it can not digest one compound in chocolate called theobromine. Chocolate can also make some small children sick for the same reason.
Chocolate and the Nervous System
Adam Drewnowski at the University of Michigan researched whether chocolate triggers the production of opioids. Opioids are chemicals, such as those found in opium, that produce a feeling of well-being (euphoria). Drewnowski found that eating chocolate causes the brain to produce natural opiates, which dulI pain and increase a feeling of well-being. If the receptors in the brain that signal the presence of opioids were blocked, chocolate bingeing decreased. It was not shown, however, if this was caused by the high fat or sugar content of chocolate candy.
Researchers at the Neurosciences Institute in San Diego, Emmanuelle diTomaso (she's now at Harvard University) and Daniele Piomelli (he's now at the University of California, Irvine) looked into the chemical components of chocolate. They found three substances in chocolate that "could act as cannabinoid mimics either directly (by activating cannabinoid receptors) or indirectly (by increasing anandamide levels)." What do all these big words mean? A little background information may help make this more understandable.
A receptor is a structure on the surface of a cell that interacts with certain chemicals. Receptors have different shapes, and thus interact with specific molecules. diTomaso describes this interaction like this: "the active compound will lock itself to the protein and that triggers a reaction inside the cell." Cannabinoids are substances that act like cannabis, also known as marijuana. The active chemical in marijuana is called tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and there are receptors in the brain that bind THC. When THC binds to these receptors, the person feels "high." Anandamide is a lipid that is normally found in the brain; it can bind to the same receptors as THC and thus produce a similar effect to "being high."
Does chocolate affect the brain in the same way marijuana does? There are chemicals in chocolate that act like THC, resulting in production of dopamine, a neurotransmitter. However, there is no THC in chocolate, so you aren't breaking the law by eating chocolate. One of the compounds in chocolate is anandamide, which is already produced in your brain. If anandamide is already in your brain, then why don't you feel happy all the time? Well, anandamide is broken down quickly, so it isn't around long in your brain to make you smile. But chocolate may extend the feelings of well being. Piomelli's research indicates that there are two chemicals in chocolate which inhibit the natural breakdown of anandamide. This may be a reason why we like to eat chocolate! And dark chocolate contains more of these compounds than milk chocolate.
Eating a bar of chocolate will not make you feel giddy or "high." This may be because anandamide and the two compounds that enhance its effect are short-lived and localized in the brain. THC activates many receptors throughout the brain, so it has a much larger effect. Chocolate's effect is limited because anandamide is not present all over the brain. Scientists doubt if anandamide and other chemicals in chocolate have much effect because they are present only in small amounts. Christian Felder at the National Institute of Mental Health estimates that a 130-pound person would have to eat 25 pounds of chocolate at one time to get any marijuana-like effect. Also, because these compounds are eaten, it's difficult to determine how much enters the bloodstream and actually reaches the brain.
There may also be other explanations for the feelings caused by chocolate and these may have nothing to do with cannabinoids, anandamide, or receptors. There are many other components in chocolate that may play a role in its popularity. Eating chocolate may be pleasurable because of a unique interaction among a few of its components.
Chocolate also contains phenylethylamine, a chemical related to amphetamines. Like amphetamines, this chemical causes blood pressure and blood-sugar levels to rise, resulting in a feeling of alertness and contentment. Phenylethylamine has been called the "love-drug" because it quickens your pulse, as if you are in love. Caffeine in chocolate may also cause feelings of alertness and a pounding heart. Other stimulants in chocolate include theobromine and methylxanthines. These caffeine-relatives are weaker than caffeine-you'd have to eat more than 12 Hershey bars to get as much caffeine as there is in one cup of coffee. All of these stimulants increase the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain.
Whatever the true reason for chocolate's popularity, scientists will continue to investigate the sweet mysteries of cacao. In the meantime, grab a bar for yourself and a box for your Valentine.
Life is sweeter with chocolate.
Why do we crave chocolate? There are times when nothing else tastes as good as chocolate. There are times when you want nothing else. Nothing else will do. There's even a name for someone who craves chocolate: a chocoholic. It's almost an uncontrollable urge.
Some scientists wondered why the average person in the U.S. eats 11 pounds of chocolate each year. They decided to analyze the contents of chocolate to find out how those compounds might affect our brains, and thus our moods. Just as caffeine seems to perk people up, chocolate seems to make us feel happy.
Chocolate contains approximately 380 known chemicals, so it's no wonder it's difficult to figure out why chocolate is such a favorite treat. And who's to say that it's only one or two things in chocolate that cause us to feel happy? Many of the chemicals in chocolate are found in other foods, yet we don't buy heart-shaped bananas to show that special someone that we care for them. It may be a unique chemical combination that gives chocolate its edge over vanilla, berry, and caramel. Although chocolate has been said to improve mood, it contains saturated fat and sugar, too, so don't overindulge - it's not the healthiest food. And keep chocolate away from Spot! A two-ounce piece of chocolate can be fatal to a dog because it can not digest one compound in chocolate called theobromine. Chocolate can also make some small children sick for the same reason.
Chocolate and the Nervous System
Adam Drewnowski at the University of Michigan researched whether chocolate triggers the production of opioids. Opioids are chemicals, such as those found in opium, that produce a feeling of well-being (euphoria). Drewnowski found that eating chocolate causes the brain to produce natural opiates, which dulI pain and increase a feeling of well-being. If the receptors in the brain that signal the presence of opioids were blocked, chocolate bingeing decreased. It was not shown, however, if this was caused by the high fat or sugar content of chocolate candy.
Researchers at the Neurosciences Institute in San Diego, Emmanuelle diTomaso (she's now at Harvard University) and Daniele Piomelli (he's now at the University of California, Irvine) looked into the chemical components of chocolate. They found three substances in chocolate that "could act as cannabinoid mimics either directly (by activating cannabinoid receptors) or indirectly (by increasing anandamide levels)." What do all these big words mean? A little background information may help make this more understandable.
A receptor is a structure on the surface of a cell that interacts with certain chemicals. Receptors have different shapes, and thus interact with specific molecules. diTomaso describes this interaction like this: "the active compound will lock itself to the protein and that triggers a reaction inside the cell." Cannabinoids are substances that act like cannabis, also known as marijuana. The active chemical in marijuana is called tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and there are receptors in the brain that bind THC. When THC binds to these receptors, the person feels "high." Anandamide is a lipid that is normally found in the brain; it can bind to the same receptors as THC and thus produce a similar effect to "being high."
Does chocolate affect the brain in the same way marijuana does? There are chemicals in chocolate that act like THC, resulting in production of dopamine, a neurotransmitter. However, there is no THC in chocolate, so you aren't breaking the law by eating chocolate. One of the compounds in chocolate is anandamide, which is already produced in your brain. If anandamide is already in your brain, then why don't you feel happy all the time? Well, anandamide is broken down quickly, so it isn't around long in your brain to make you smile. But chocolate may extend the feelings of well being. Piomelli's research indicates that there are two chemicals in chocolate which inhibit the natural breakdown of anandamide. This may be a reason why we like to eat chocolate! And dark chocolate contains more of these compounds than milk chocolate.
Eating a bar of chocolate will not make you feel giddy or "high." This may be because anandamide and the two compounds that enhance its effect are short-lived and localized in the brain. THC activates many receptors throughout the brain, so it has a much larger effect. Chocolate's effect is limited because anandamide is not present all over the brain. Scientists doubt if anandamide and other chemicals in chocolate have much effect because they are present only in small amounts. Christian Felder at the National Institute of Mental Health estimates that a 130-pound person would have to eat 25 pounds of chocolate at one time to get any marijuana-like effect. Also, because these compounds are eaten, it's difficult to determine how much enters the bloodstream and actually reaches the brain.
There may also be other explanations for the feelings caused by chocolate and these may have nothing to do with cannabinoids, anandamide, or receptors. There are many other components in chocolate that may play a role in its popularity. Eating chocolate may be pleasurable because of a unique interaction among a few of its components.
Chocolate also contains phenylethylamine, a chemical related to amphetamines. Like amphetamines, this chemical causes blood pressure and blood-sugar levels to rise, resulting in a feeling of alertness and contentment. Phenylethylamine has been called the "love-drug" because it quickens your pulse, as if you are in love. Caffeine in chocolate may also cause feelings of alertness and a pounding heart. Other stimulants in chocolate include theobromine and methylxanthines. These caffeine-relatives are weaker than caffeine-you'd have to eat more than 12 Hershey bars to get as much caffeine as there is in one cup of coffee. All of these stimulants increase the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain.
Whatever the true reason for chocolate's popularity, scientists will continue to investigate the sweet mysteries of cacao. In the meantime, grab a bar for yourself and a box for your Valentine.
Life is sweeter with chocolate.
Monday, May 3, 2010
coklat 4
A main ingredient in chocolate : theobromie makes it toxic to animals such as dogs, cats, horses,parrots and small rodents. These animals are unable to metabolize or break down this ingredient so if they should eat it and it stays in their system for up to 20 hours, the animal will experience seizures,heart attacks,internal bleeding and eventually death. So now you no no matter how much they may pine for it never give your pet chocolate.
coklat 3
The following benefits are found in dark chocolate containing a minimum 70% cocoa, not in the heavily processed milk and white chocolates.
Dark chocolate with it high cocoa content is a rich source of the flavonoids epicatechin and gallic acid which contain cardio protective properties.
Cocoa butter contains small amounts of the plant sterols sitosterol and stigmasterol, which may help inhibit the absorption of dietary cholesterol.
Unlike the saturated fats found in meat and dairy, the saturated fats in dark chocolate do not elevate cholesterol levels.
The flavonoids in chocolate prevent the excessive clumping together of blood platelets that can cause blood clots.
Chocolate contains significant amounts of the amino acid arginine which is required in the production of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide causes blood vessels to dilate, which helps to regulate blood flow, inflammation and blood pressure.Read more at Suite101: How Healthy is Dark Chocolate ?: Benefits and Disadvantages http://food-facts.suite101.com/article.cfm/how_healthy_is_dark_chocolate_#ixzz0multcu1A
Dark chocolate with it high cocoa content is a rich source of the flavonoids epicatechin and gallic acid which contain cardio protective properties.
Cocoa butter contains small amounts of the plant sterols sitosterol and stigmasterol, which may help inhibit the absorption of dietary cholesterol.
Unlike the saturated fats found in meat and dairy, the saturated fats in dark chocolate do not elevate cholesterol levels.
The flavonoids in chocolate prevent the excessive clumping together of blood platelets that can cause blood clots.
Chocolate contains significant amounts of the amino acid arginine which is required in the production of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide causes blood vessels to dilate, which helps to regulate blood flow, inflammation and blood pressure.Read more at Suite101: How Healthy is Dark Chocolate ?: Benefits and Disadvantages http://food-facts.suite101.com/article.cfm/how_healthy_is_dark_chocolate_#ixzz0multcu1A
coklat 2
Disadvantages
Chocolate is a calorie rich food with a high sugar and fat content, so regular consumption of chocolate requires reducing the caloric intake of other foods.
Chocolate contains a variety of substances, some of which have addictive properties e.g sugar, theobromine and caffeine which are stimulating and mood elevating and phenethylamine which can cause endorphin releases in the brain
Chocolate has been linked to nervous tension as well as migraine headaches because it contains compounds known as vasoactive amines that can dilate brain vessels triggering headaches in susceptible individuals.
It has high levels of arginine which is required in the replication of the herpes virus. Chocolate should be avoided by those with active or recurring herpes infections.Read more at Suite101: How Healthy is Dark Chocolate ?: Benefits and Disadvantages http://food-facts.suite101.com/article.cfm/how_healthy_is_dark_chocolate_#ixzz0muldLpqF
Chocolate is a calorie rich food with a high sugar and fat content, so regular consumption of chocolate requires reducing the caloric intake of other foods.
Chocolate contains a variety of substances, some of which have addictive properties e.g sugar, theobromine and caffeine which are stimulating and mood elevating and phenethylamine which can cause endorphin releases in the brain
Chocolate has been linked to nervous tension as well as migraine headaches because it contains compounds known as vasoactive amines that can dilate brain vessels triggering headaches in susceptible individuals.
It has high levels of arginine which is required in the replication of the herpes virus. Chocolate should be avoided by those with active or recurring herpes infections.Read more at Suite101: How Healthy is Dark Chocolate ?: Benefits and Disadvantages http://food-facts.suite101.com/article.cfm/how_healthy_is_dark_chocolate_#ixzz0muldLpqF
coklat
How to lose weight by eating chocolate
Many people believe that they will become fat by eating chocolate. They also believe that they will get pimples. This is partly true for the chocolate you will find in most shops, because that chocolate contains other things than pure chocolate, like sugar and cocos fat. Chocolate secret number four reveals that despite what everyone think, pure chocolate is good for your health. (Some chocolate experts disagree, more about that later.)
Pure chocolate...
is vitalizing
enhances your ability to concentrate
works against stress
works against depression
decreases the risk for blood-clot
will help your love life
Pure chocolate is harmless for your body. Pure chocolate contains many good things:
Anti-oxidants
A piece of chocolate contains more calcium, protein and riboflavin than the corresponding amount of banana or orange.
You will not gain weight by eating pure chocolate. On the contrary, pure chocolate can help you loose weight, because your hunger will be satisfied and chocolate stimulates your body to burn energy faster.
Many people believe that they will become fat by eating chocolate. They also believe that they will get pimples. This is partly true for the chocolate you will find in most shops, because that chocolate contains other things than pure chocolate, like sugar and cocos fat. Chocolate secret number four reveals that despite what everyone think, pure chocolate is good for your health. (Some chocolate experts disagree, more about that later.)
Pure chocolate...
is vitalizing
enhances your ability to concentrate
works against stress
works against depression
decreases the risk for blood-clot
will help your love life
Pure chocolate is harmless for your body. Pure chocolate contains many good things:
Anti-oxidants
A piece of chocolate contains more calcium, protein and riboflavin than the corresponding amount of banana or orange.
You will not gain weight by eating pure chocolate. On the contrary, pure chocolate can help you loose weight, because your hunger will be satisfied and chocolate stimulates your body to burn energy faster.
Thursday, March 18, 2010
B3nifIt$ Of R3adInG
Reading is one of the best hobbies a person can have. But it’s saddening to know that majority of us aren’t introduced to the fabulous world of books. If you are one of the non-book readers who feels you “don’t need no stinking books”, here are some reasons to start the habit…before you are left behind!
Reading is an active mental process: Unlike sitting in front of the idiot box (TV), reading makes you use your brain. While reading you would be forced to reason out many things which are unfamiliar to you. In this process you would use the grey cells of your brain to think and become smarter.
Reading improves your vocabulary: Remember in elementary school when you learned how to infer the meaning of one word by reading the context of the other words in the sentence? You get the same benefit from book reading. While reading books, especially challenging ones, you will find yourself exposed to many new words you wouldn’t be otherwise.
Gives you a glimpse into other cultures and places of the world: How would you know about the life of people in Mexico if you don’t read about it? Reading gives you an insight into the diversity of ethnicity of people, their customs, their lifestyles etc. You become more aware about the different places and the code of conduct in those places.
Improves concentration and focus: It requires you to focus on what you are reading for long periods. Unlike magazines, Internet posts or e-Mails that might contain small chunks of information, books tell the whole story. Since you must concentrate in order to read, like a muscle, you will get better at concentration.
Builds self-esteem: The more you read, the more knowledgeable you become. With more knowledge comes more confidence. More confidence builds self-esteem. So it’s a chain reaction. Since you are so well read, people look to you for answers. Your feelings about yourself can only get better.
Improves memory: Many studies show if you don’t use your memory, you lose it. Crossword puzzles are an example of a word game that staves off Alzheimer’s. Reading, although not a game, helps you stretch your memory muscles in a similar way. Reading requires remembering details, facts and figures and in literature, plot lines, themes and characters.
Improves your discipline: Making time to read is something we all know we should do, but who schedules book reading time every day? Very few… That’s why adding book reading to your daily schedule and sticking to it, improves discipline.
Improves creativity: Reading about diversity of life and exposing yourself to new ideas and more information helps to develop the creative side of the brain as it imbibes innovation into your thinking process.
You always have something to talk about: Have you ever found yourself in an embarrassing situation where you didn’t have anything to talk about? Did you hate yourself for making a fool of yourself? Do you want a remedy for this? It’s simple. Start reading. Reading widens your horizon of information. You’ll always have something to talk about. You can discuss various plots in the novels you read, you can discuss the stuff you are learning in the business books you are reading as well. The possibilities of sharing become endless.
Reduces boredom: One of the rules I have is if I am feeling bored, I will pick up a book and start reading. What I’ve found by sticking to this is that I become interested in the book’s subject and stop being bored. I mean, if you’re bored anyway, you might as well be reading a good book, right?
If you want to break the monotony of a lazy, uncreative and boring life, go and grab an interesting book. Turn the pages to explore a new world filled with information and ingenuity.
Reading is an active mental process: Unlike sitting in front of the idiot box (TV), reading makes you use your brain. While reading you would be forced to reason out many things which are unfamiliar to you. In this process you would use the grey cells of your brain to think and become smarter.
Reading improves your vocabulary: Remember in elementary school when you learned how to infer the meaning of one word by reading the context of the other words in the sentence? You get the same benefit from book reading. While reading books, especially challenging ones, you will find yourself exposed to many new words you wouldn’t be otherwise.
Gives you a glimpse into other cultures and places of the world: How would you know about the life of people in Mexico if you don’t read about it? Reading gives you an insight into the diversity of ethnicity of people, their customs, their lifestyles etc. You become more aware about the different places and the code of conduct in those places.
Improves concentration and focus: It requires you to focus on what you are reading for long periods. Unlike magazines, Internet posts or e-Mails that might contain small chunks of information, books tell the whole story. Since you must concentrate in order to read, like a muscle, you will get better at concentration.
Builds self-esteem: The more you read, the more knowledgeable you become. With more knowledge comes more confidence. More confidence builds self-esteem. So it’s a chain reaction. Since you are so well read, people look to you for answers. Your feelings about yourself can only get better.
Improves memory: Many studies show if you don’t use your memory, you lose it. Crossword puzzles are an example of a word game that staves off Alzheimer’s. Reading, although not a game, helps you stretch your memory muscles in a similar way. Reading requires remembering details, facts and figures and in literature, plot lines, themes and characters.
Improves your discipline: Making time to read is something we all know we should do, but who schedules book reading time every day? Very few… That’s why adding book reading to your daily schedule and sticking to it, improves discipline.
Improves creativity: Reading about diversity of life and exposing yourself to new ideas and more information helps to develop the creative side of the brain as it imbibes innovation into your thinking process.
You always have something to talk about: Have you ever found yourself in an embarrassing situation where you didn’t have anything to talk about? Did you hate yourself for making a fool of yourself? Do you want a remedy for this? It’s simple. Start reading. Reading widens your horizon of information. You’ll always have something to talk about. You can discuss various plots in the novels you read, you can discuss the stuff you are learning in the business books you are reading as well. The possibilities of sharing become endless.
Reduces boredom: One of the rules I have is if I am feeling bored, I will pick up a book and start reading. What I’ve found by sticking to this is that I become interested in the book’s subject and stop being bored. I mean, if you’re bored anyway, you might as well be reading a good book, right?
If you want to break the monotony of a lazy, uncreative and boring life, go and grab an interesting book. Turn the pages to explore a new world filled with information and ingenuity.
Rh3tOriCal D3vic35
Alliteration: repetition of the initial consonant sounds beginning several words in sequence.
"....we shall not falter, we shall not fail." President G.W. Bush Address to Congress following 9-11-01 Terrorist Attacks.
"Let us go forth to lead the land we love." President J. F. Kennedy, Inaugural 1961
"Veni, vidi, vici." Julius Caesar (I came, I saw, I conquered)
Assonance: repetition of the same vowel sounds in words close to each other.
"Thy kingdom come, thy will be done." The Lord's Prayer
Anadiplosis: ("doubling back") the rhetorical repetition of one or several words; specifically, repetition of a word that ends one clause at the beginning of the next.
"Men in great place are thrice servants: servants of the sovereign or state; servants of fame; and servants of business." Francis Bacon
Anaphora: the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses or lines.
"We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end. We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender." British Prime Minister Winston Churchill
Antistrophe: repetition of the same word or phrase at the end of successive clauses.
"In 1931, ten years ago, Japan invaded Manchukuo -- without warning. In 1935, Italy invaded Ethiopia -- without warning. In 1938, Hitler occupied Austria -- without warning. In 1939, Hitler invaded Czechoslovakia -- without warning. Later in 1939, Hitler invaded Poland -- without warning. And now Japan has attacked Malaya and Thailand -- and the United States --without warning." President Franklin D. Roosevelt
Antithesis: opposition, or contrast of ideas or words in a balanced or parallel construction.
"Extremism in defense of liberty is no vice, moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue."Barry Goldwater - Republican Candidate for President 1964
"Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more". Brutus in: " Julius Caesar" by William Shakespeare
Aporia: expression of doubt (often feigned) by which a speaker appears uncertain as to what he should think, say, or do.
"Then the steward said within himself, 'What shall I do?" Bible: Luke 16
Apostrophe: a sudden turn from the general audience to address a specific group or person or personified abstraction absent or present.
"For Brutus, as you know, was Caesar's angel.Judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar loved him". Mark Antony in 'Julius Caesar' - William Shakespeare
Asyndeton: lack of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words.
"We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardships, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty." J. F. Kennedy, Inaugural
"But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground." President Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address
Cacophony: harsh joining of sounds.
"We want no parlay with you and your grisly gang who work your wicked will." British Prime Minister Winston Churchill -referring to Hitler.
Catachresis: a harsh metaphor involving the use of a word beyond its strict sphere.
"I listen vainly, but with thirsty ear." General Douglas MacArthur, Farewell Address
Chiasmus: two corresponding pairs arranged not in parallels (a-b-a-b) but in inverted order (a-b-b-a); from shape of the Greek letter chi (X).
"Those gallant men will remain often in my thoughts and in my prayers always." General Douglas MacArthur
"Renown'd for conquest, and in council skill'd." Marcus Tullius Cicero
Climax: arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in an order of ascending power. Often the last emphatic word in one phrase or clause is repeated as the first emphatic word of the next.
"One equal temper of heroic hearts,Made weak by time and fate, but strong in willTo strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield." Tennyson, " Ulysses"
Euphemism: substitution of an agreeable or at least non-offensive expression for one whose plainer meaning might be harsh or unpleasant.
Examples: Euphemisms for " stupid"A few fries short of a Happy Meal.A few beers short of a six-pack.Dumber than a box of hair.Doesn't have all his cornflakes in one box.The wheel's spinning, but the hamster's dead.One Fruit Loop shy of a full bowl.All foam, no beer.The cheese slid off his cracker.Body by Fisher, brains by Mattel.
Hyperbole: exaggeration for emphasis or for rhetorical effect.
"If you call me that name again, I'm going to explode!"
Irony: expression of something which is contrary to the intended meaning; the words say one thing but mean another.
*Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;And Brutus is an honourable man. Shakespeare's Mark Antony in "Julius Caesar"
Metaphor: implied comparison achieved through a figurative use of words; the word is used not in its literal sense, but in one analogous to it.
*Life's but a walking shadow; a poor player,That struts and frets his hour upon the stage. "
Shakespeare, in "Macbeth"
*From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent. W. Churchill
Oxymoron: apparent paradox achieved by the juxtaposition of words which seem to contradict one another.
*I must be cruel only to be kind." Shakespeare, Hamlet
"Hurts so good" John Cougar Melancamp
"Jumbo Shrimp"
Paradox: an assertion seemingly opposed to common sense, but that may yet have some truth in it.
*What a pity that youth must be wasted on the young."
George Bernard Shaw
Personification: attribution of personality to an impersonal thing.
*England expects every man to do his duty."
Lord Nelson
The rose was a soft as a baby's skin
"Rise up and defend the Motherland" Line from "Enemy at the Gates"
Pleonasm: use of superfluous or redundant words, often enriching the thought.
*No one, rich or poor, will be excepted.
*Ears pierced while you wait!
*I have seen no stranger sight since I was born.
Simile: an explicit comparison between two things using 'like' or 'as'.
*My love is as a fever, longing stillFor that which longer nurseth the disease"
Shakespeare, Sonnet CXLVII
*Reason is to faith as the eye to the telescope"
D. Hume
*Let us go then, you and I,While the evening is spread out against the sky,Like a patient etherized upon a table"
T.S. Eliot, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
Syllepsis: use of a word with two others, with each of which it is understood differently.
*We must all hang together or assuredly we will all hang separately. Benjamin Franklin
Tautology: repetition of an idea in a different word, phrase, or sentence.
"With malice toward none, with charity for all." President Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural
"....we shall not falter, we shall not fail." President G.W. Bush Address to Congress following 9-11-01 Terrorist Attacks.
"Let us go forth to lead the land we love." President J. F. Kennedy, Inaugural 1961
"Veni, vidi, vici." Julius Caesar (I came, I saw, I conquered)
Assonance: repetition of the same vowel sounds in words close to each other.
"Thy kingdom come, thy will be done." The Lord's Prayer
Anadiplosis: ("doubling back") the rhetorical repetition of one or several words; specifically, repetition of a word that ends one clause at the beginning of the next.
"Men in great place are thrice servants: servants of the sovereign or state; servants of fame; and servants of business." Francis Bacon
Anaphora: the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses or lines.
"We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end. We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender." British Prime Minister Winston Churchill
Antistrophe: repetition of the same word or phrase at the end of successive clauses.
"In 1931, ten years ago, Japan invaded Manchukuo -- without warning. In 1935, Italy invaded Ethiopia -- without warning. In 1938, Hitler occupied Austria -- without warning. In 1939, Hitler invaded Czechoslovakia -- without warning. Later in 1939, Hitler invaded Poland -- without warning. And now Japan has attacked Malaya and Thailand -- and the United States --without warning." President Franklin D. Roosevelt
Antithesis: opposition, or contrast of ideas or words in a balanced or parallel construction.
"Extremism in defense of liberty is no vice, moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue."Barry Goldwater - Republican Candidate for President 1964
"Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more". Brutus in: " Julius Caesar" by William Shakespeare
Aporia: expression of doubt (often feigned) by which a speaker appears uncertain as to what he should think, say, or do.
"Then the steward said within himself, 'What shall I do?" Bible: Luke 16
Apostrophe: a sudden turn from the general audience to address a specific group or person or personified abstraction absent or present.
"For Brutus, as you know, was Caesar's angel.Judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar loved him". Mark Antony in 'Julius Caesar' - William Shakespeare
Asyndeton: lack of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words.
"We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardships, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty." J. F. Kennedy, Inaugural
"But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground." President Abraham Lincoln, Gettysburg Address
Cacophony: harsh joining of sounds.
"We want no parlay with you and your grisly gang who work your wicked will." British Prime Minister Winston Churchill -referring to Hitler.
Catachresis: a harsh metaphor involving the use of a word beyond its strict sphere.
"I listen vainly, but with thirsty ear." General Douglas MacArthur, Farewell Address
Chiasmus: two corresponding pairs arranged not in parallels (a-b-a-b) but in inverted order (a-b-b-a); from shape of the Greek letter chi (X).
"Those gallant men will remain often in my thoughts and in my prayers always." General Douglas MacArthur
"Renown'd for conquest, and in council skill'd." Marcus Tullius Cicero
Climax: arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in an order of ascending power. Often the last emphatic word in one phrase or clause is repeated as the first emphatic word of the next.
"One equal temper of heroic hearts,Made weak by time and fate, but strong in willTo strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield." Tennyson, " Ulysses"
Euphemism: substitution of an agreeable or at least non-offensive expression for one whose plainer meaning might be harsh or unpleasant.
Examples: Euphemisms for " stupid"A few fries short of a Happy Meal.A few beers short of a six-pack.Dumber than a box of hair.Doesn't have all his cornflakes in one box.The wheel's spinning, but the hamster's dead.One Fruit Loop shy of a full bowl.All foam, no beer.The cheese slid off his cracker.Body by Fisher, brains by Mattel.
Hyperbole: exaggeration for emphasis or for rhetorical effect.
"If you call me that name again, I'm going to explode!"
Irony: expression of something which is contrary to the intended meaning; the words say one thing but mean another.
*Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;And Brutus is an honourable man. Shakespeare's Mark Antony in "Julius Caesar"
Metaphor: implied comparison achieved through a figurative use of words; the word is used not in its literal sense, but in one analogous to it.
*Life's but a walking shadow; a poor player,That struts and frets his hour upon the stage. "
Shakespeare, in "Macbeth"
*From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent. W. Churchill
Oxymoron: apparent paradox achieved by the juxtaposition of words which seem to contradict one another.
*I must be cruel only to be kind." Shakespeare, Hamlet
"Hurts so good" John Cougar Melancamp
"Jumbo Shrimp"
Paradox: an assertion seemingly opposed to common sense, but that may yet have some truth in it.
*What a pity that youth must be wasted on the young."
George Bernard Shaw
Personification: attribution of personality to an impersonal thing.
*England expects every man to do his duty."
Lord Nelson
The rose was a soft as a baby's skin
"Rise up and defend the Motherland" Line from "Enemy at the Gates"
Pleonasm: use of superfluous or redundant words, often enriching the thought.
*No one, rich or poor, will be excepted.
*Ears pierced while you wait!
*I have seen no stranger sight since I was born.
Simile: an explicit comparison between two things using 'like' or 'as'.
*My love is as a fever, longing stillFor that which longer nurseth the disease"
Shakespeare, Sonnet CXLVII
*Reason is to faith as the eye to the telescope"
D. Hume
*Let us go then, you and I,While the evening is spread out against the sky,Like a patient etherized upon a table"
T.S. Eliot, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock
Syllepsis: use of a word with two others, with each of which it is understood differently.
*We must all hang together or assuredly we will all hang separately. Benjamin Franklin
Tautology: repetition of an idea in a different word, phrase, or sentence.
"With malice toward none, with charity for all." President Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural
Friday, March 12, 2010
DIstINctIOn....
Value 1: Determination ...
How do we build strength in themselves not to U-turn with each obstacle (Obstacle) outside the period. Strength is built with value 2: Readiness ...
Value 2: Readiness ...
Faced with obstacles that require precise readiness of mind and physical. This sense of readiness to rise to knowledge, and thoroughly understand every obstacle that successful challenger to the solution formed. However the solution to form the side we need to value 3: Willingness ...
Value 3: Willingness ...
solutions for each obstacle has a value of sacrifice that we need to face with redha and ready. When we were ready to go through and know what to sacrifice to achieve solutions to obstacles that the challenger Value 4: Acceptance play an important role.
Value 4: Acceptance ...
Acceptance of things that need to waived to get the solution of obstacles will facilitate mental and physical shape our readiness through obstacles. To receive these situations we need to realize where we are and what we would expect that the value 5: Sense of belonging can be formed in us ..
Value 5: Sense of belonging ...
Shaping values have owned and will make your mind and become physically stronger and more robust. This value will be formed when we can create value 1 to value 4. This process will strengthen ourselves to support and further develop the network in the life consisting of friends and family members. This value will also put us in a safe zone for us to deal with obstacles that challenger.
Once we control all these values, then we can form value distinction in ourselves ..
So .. tap your minds, hearts and ask where our needs and desires. ..
How do we build strength in themselves not to U-turn with each obstacle (Obstacle) outside the period. Strength is built with value 2: Readiness ...
Value 2: Readiness ...
Faced with obstacles that require precise readiness of mind and physical. This sense of readiness to rise to knowledge, and thoroughly understand every obstacle that successful challenger to the solution formed. However the solution to form the side we need to value 3: Willingness ...
Value 3: Willingness ...
solutions for each obstacle has a value of sacrifice that we need to face with redha and ready. When we were ready to go through and know what to sacrifice to achieve solutions to obstacles that the challenger Value 4: Acceptance play an important role.
Value 4: Acceptance ...
Acceptance of things that need to waived to get the solution of obstacles will facilitate mental and physical shape our readiness through obstacles. To receive these situations we need to realize where we are and what we would expect that the value 5: Sense of belonging can be formed in us ..
Value 5: Sense of belonging ...
Shaping values have owned and will make your mind and become physically stronger and more robust. This value will be formed when we can create value 1 to value 4. This process will strengthen ourselves to support and further develop the network in the life consisting of friends and family members. This value will also put us in a safe zone for us to deal with obstacles that challenger.
Once we control all these values, then we can form value distinction in ourselves ..
So .. tap your minds, hearts and ask where our needs and desires. ..
Sunday, March 7, 2010
stylistic technique
a stylistic device is the use of any of a variety of techniques to give an auxiliary meaning, idea, or feeling to the literal or written
Connotative meaning...
1. an act or instance of connoting.
2. the associated or secondary meaning of a word or expression in addition to its explicit or primary meaning: A possible connotation of “home” is “a place of warmth, comfort, and affection.” Compare denotation (def. 1).
3. Logic. the set of attributes constituting the meaning of a term and thus determining the range of objects to which that term may be applied; comprehension; intension.
2. the associated or secondary meaning of a word or expression in addition to its explicit or primary meaning: A possible connotation of “home” is “a place of warmth, comfort, and affection.” Compare denotation (def. 1).
3. Logic. the set of attributes constituting the meaning of a term and thus determining the range of objects to which that term may be applied; comprehension; intension.
Diction
1. style of speaking or writing as dependent upon choice of words: good diction.
2. the accent, inflection, intonation, and speech-sound quality manifested by an individual speaker, usually judged in terms of prevailing standards of acceptability; enunciation.
Use diction in a Sentence
See images of diction
Search diction on the Web
2. the accent, inflection, intonation, and speech-sound quality manifested by an individual speaker, usually judged in terms of prevailing standards of acceptability; enunciation.
Use diction in a Sentence
See images of diction
Search diction on the Web
Denotative meaning...
Denotation is often associated with symbolism, as the denotation of a particular media text often represents something further; a hidden meaning (or an Engima Code) is often encoded into a media text (such as the images below).
In order to understand the difference between denotation and connotation in the media studies and semiotics uses it may be helpful to consider the following examples:
The denotation of this example is a red rose with a green stem. The connotation is that it is a symbol of passion and love - this is what the rose represents.
The denotation of this example is a red rose with a green stem. The connotation is that it is a symbol of passion and love - this is what the rose represents.
In order to understand the difference between denotation and connotation in the media studies and semiotics uses it may be helpful to consider the following examples:
The denotation of this example is a red rose with a green stem. The connotation is that it is a symbol of passion and love - this is what the rose represents.
The denotation of this example is a red rose with a green stem. The connotation is that it is a symbol of passion and love - this is what the rose represents.
The denotation is a representation of a cartoon heart. The connotation is a symbol of love and affection, not in the way of a rose, but a symbol of true love.
Sunday, February 21, 2010
The Synposis The Fruitcake Special
Award-winning original fiction for learners of English. At seven levels, from Starter to Advanced, this impressive selection of carefully graded readers offers exciting reading for every student's ability. Five entertaining stories about the power of discovery set in countries across the globe. A perfume made from some very unusual ingredients becomes more effective than expected. A remarkable change in a woman's life leaves her family to make a decision. The secret and danger of high intelligence are revealed to a university student. A teacher discovers a way of making time stand still. And a book tells a young manager more than he wants to know. Paperback-only version. Also available with Audio CDs including complete text recordings from the book.
Synopsis of GULP AND GASP
GULP AND GASP By:John Towsend
GULP AND GASP By: John TownsendThis is one of twelve "Classic Spirals", from the established series for reluctant readers with a track record of over 25 years. It features dynamic plots and storylines, which encourage readers to pick them up again and again. It includes engaging themes without being immature or patronising and attractive cover designs in new paperback style binding are designed to motivate pupils. Short but substantial chapters are provided to give a sense of achievement in reading whole texts. Clearly laid out text, without illustrations and activities, encourages focus on reading and enables low achievers to improve at their own pace.
GULP AND GASP By: John TownsendThis is one of twelve "Classic Spirals", from the established series for reluctant readers with a track record of over 25 years. It features dynamic plots and storylines, which encourage readers to pick them up again and again. It includes engaging themes without being immature or patronising and attractive cover designs in new paperback style binding are designed to motivate pupils. Short but substantial chapters are provided to give a sense of achievement in reading whole texts. Clearly laid out text, without illustrations and activities, encourages focus on reading and enables low achievers to improve at their own pace.
what is boolean search??
Boolean searches allow you to combine words and phrases using the words AND, OR, NOT and NEAR (otherwise known as Boolean operators) to limit, widen, or define your search. Most Internet search engines and Web directories default to these Boolean search parameters anyway, but a good Web searcher should know how to use basic Boolean operators.
Friday, February 19, 2010
SWEET:)
Last night,i had a dream.My heart beat so fast.I was feel butterfly feeling.I found a charm prince.Suddenly,the prince turn back.........ARGHHHHH.....That was somebody that i know.I run till the end of the world.Gedebuk......ouch,it really hurt.Oh no, why i can't move?NADIA,NADIA.......wake up mummy was yelling.Now i know,that was just dream.Heee......Heeeee.......Heeee
ARGHHHHH.......
Help me......I can't do my home work.I just don't understand.How i want to do my addmath.The killer subject.I just have two more day,no just 29 hours.......PLEASE,HELP ME:(
Monday, February 15, 2010
I'M HOME...
ARGHH,,,,,I'm so tired.....Last night,we came back home at 0130a.m.We had a long journey.
Sunday, February 7, 2010
my perception
Yukssss.That was my first perception.My mind said"What this thing?What she want to teach us?What a discusting thing!!!Then,i know.So,it's true what people said"Picture have thousand words.We should not judge things that we see.We should see it from many angle.We must set on our mind that the fist thing is don't straight to the point.We need to think from negative to positive minded.So,wake up.Don't be like 'KATAK BAWAH TEMPURUNG!!!!!!!!'
Saturday, January 16, 2010
HOW TO CREATE A BLOG?
I know the answer is.I had learn it from my english teacher.The first feeing is awakward.I not use to make blog because before this i never try to YM or Friendster or anything.I think it just waste my time.But,my teacher awake me.She said we can learn and do many thing from that.We also can learn lesson from that.
The first English we learn how to create our blog.We follow our teacher's order.She told us to fill the form.First,we need to give name to our blog.I got no idea,so i just put lavender because i really love lavender.Second,we need to click layout and then,click at add a gadget.Third,go to blog list and add your friend URL.I ask my teacher many time for help.Teacher said"It's just okay if you make mistake in your fist time.You can use it in your next time.You can be more professional.
It's all true,now i know to change my background.I also can put watch on my blog.I also can add my friend and also my teacher into my blog.Now, i'm very excited to learn more about blog from my teacher.Thanks to you Pn.Sharifah.
The first English we learn how to create our blog.We follow our teacher's order.She told us to fill the form.First,we need to give name to our blog.I got no idea,so i just put lavender because i really love lavender.Second,we need to click layout and then,click at add a gadget.Third,go to blog list and add your friend URL.I ask my teacher many time for help.Teacher said"It's just okay if you make mistake in your fist time.You can use it in your next time.You can be more professional.
It's all true,now i know to change my background.I also can put watch on my blog.I also can add my friend and also my teacher into my blog.Now, i'm very excited to learn more about blog from my teacher.Thanks to you Pn.Sharifah.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)